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Sheffield Golf Association Championship trophy has been baked a century Qing, was established in 1910.

Sheffield, South Yorkshire is located in central England, crucible steel and stainless steel of the invention, the eight major cities in England, is one of Britain’s first “sports capital.”

The seventies and eighties, along with the local depletion of mineral resources, once the height of the steel city of prosperity and a serious decline. Nineties economic restructuring, urban development, tourism and education has become a pillar industry, and gradually return to the fast-track the development of Sheffield city ranks. Sheffield “iron and steel giant” has become the past, “sports capital” nurtured the fruit of the flower is to restore the vitality of the city bloom.

As the world’s oldest football birthplace of the British crown Sheffield already has two teams (Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday), an England B team (Rotherham United); as “billiards holy city”, World Championship Sheffield Crucible Snooker Grand Theater has become a “spiritual home.” Sheffield’s football, cricket and snooker already claim to fame, while their counterparts in traditional sports of golf they are not known to everyone. Maybe for the fans outside the UK, Scotland, six centuries of “honor” has long overshadowed the rest of Great Britain golf halo, but in any case, Sheffield’s golf already taken root, and the continuation of the boom. Take a look at this year’s European Tour Order of Merit Li – Westwood, into the European Tour rookie race in Dubai Danny – Vitelli, I know that this piece of fertile ground for golf has started bearing fruit.

Sheffield golf, unlike St. Anthony so famous, but the golf here has been integrated into the lives of local people, and even can see the traces of transmission from generation to generation. Quiet and orderly, Sheffield, England, golf has become an important venue for conveying people golf, it is destined to be written into the history of British golf.

Place in England’s oldest golf association

Sheffield has a England’s oldest golf clubs in local associations – Sheffield Golf Association. Founded in 1910, nearly a hundred years of tradition and tempered, the association has formed a complete system for organizational structure and events, and the Golf Association and South Yorkshire, England Golf Association golf professionals constitute a vertical conveyor system, and assume to promote local responsibility for the development of amateur golf, and has the absolute authority of the industry.

Sheffield Golf Association general secretary Graham Needham

Formed by 40 local golf course authority

Sheffield Golf Association by the region composed of 40 courses (defined as at least 18-hole golf course, clubhouse and golf course with the Committee’s membership golf course). Association organization and each member by the Executive Committee composed of representatives elected two pitches can be regarded as a relatively large team, in which the Executive Committee is the decision-making center, including the Chairman, Vice-President, Treasurer, Secretary, Assistant Secretary, the team managers, youth events as well as the reputation of the audit manager, supervisor and other positions.

In February or March each annual meeting to assess the previous financial reports submitted by the Executive Committee, and elect a new executive committee members and honorary supervisor (a candidate last year, generated prior to November 30). Course each member has two votes, the annual needs of two-thirds of the representatives of the final decision vote. If the votes for and against are equal, then the former President of the Association cast a vote is to determine the final result will be the key to one vote. The appointment of new president need to go through the previous Chairman and the Board’s recommendation. Former chairman of the outgoing Executive Committee automatically enter the new list. Secretary of the specific matters play a key role in liaison with the organization.

“The traditional secretary day” is the annual start of the season’s first association of activities, all members of the Secretary of the golf course are all gathered in Worksop Stadium (Li – Westwood growth of course) meeting. After lunch, hit a ball in the evening for dinner, during which the Association to discuss arrangements for the new year, ideas, or whether the need for new changes.

Members of the Association is limited to men, end up driving required to submit proof of medical and insurance

At present, the Sheffield Golf Association has 31500 members, any association owned by the club’s male members to submit membership applications, can be a life-long Sheffield Golf Association member. If the applicant over 50 years, only to pay £ 15 application fee, if the applicant is under 50 years old will have to pay £ 20. Young football players need to wait until the age of 18 in order to submit a formal membership application for membership, women still can apply for membership. Once a member, it is necessary to fulfill obligations, subject to the provisions of the Association. For example, in a major conference organized by the Association to wear the uniform with the sign of the “Association tie”; at all Sheffield Golf Association’s tournament, members of the Association can only walk and play kick-off vehicles are not allowed end. For cars equipped with ball-playing 14 days in advance to apply to the Association, and supported by a medical certificate (proof of disability or Teshubingzheng) as well as proof of insurance bought on the spot events.

Organized by the Association from the Sheffield Amateur points race is limited to male members of affiliated clubs to participate in, and the need to provide proper proof of handicap. If an amateur player is a member of several golf course, then he can only be in a full season on behalf of a club, both in individual competition or team event. Stroke play, after a tie and there are no extra hole sudden-death playoff, by comparison followed by the penultimate 18-hole, 9 holes, 6 holes, 3 hole, a hole results to determine the final winner. Cell phones and electronic devices is strictly prohibited band play.

Sheffield Open Amateur Championship trophy, “Sheffield silver plate”

A complete system of classification events

In the event system, the Sheffield Amateur Golf Association series of events were launched, the number of events for the participants and almost have strict requirements. For example, the Sheffield Open Amateur Championship (36-hole, sudden-death playoff with the extension), open to the England Golf Association’s amateur player of all, almost require 5 less than 60 places (according to England’s amateur ranking points), winner will receive ” Sheffield silver plate (Sheffield Plate) “; Sheffield Stroke Championship, open to the association belongs to 40 clubs amateur to require almost 5 below, the Association Amateur points with the top 60 qualified for a day, 36-hole competition, the former 16 players short-listed Sheffield Amateur places; Sheffield Amateur Match Play Championship, with the form of 16 places for the competition, if the seeds out, after an integral player can fill the seats, the champion will receive the “Chairman’s Cup (Past President Trophy ). ”

In addition, the Sheffield Golf Association are open to the middle-aged over the age of 30 series, over 55-year-old Evergreen Series, 14 years of age and race, as well as young people aged 15-18 Club League (Association of Clubs League, regional club match) and so on. In addition, each year of a career (30) and amateur (30) mixed with playing the game, almost five amateur requested below, won the Na Jiangjin professional players, amateur players will receive a win, “vouchers.” Among them, there are special youth event provides caddies must also be under the age of 18.

According to the different levels of each game, setting up different points, the higher the competition level of the higher weight, but on behalf of the Association play for the national tournament and get the ranking points will be given special incentives. Each year, the highest player points will be the Sheffield Golf Association “Player of the Year” and won the “Tee-up Cup.”

In the “Sports Capital” Sheffield, soccer, cricket and rugby be regarded as universal for popular items, golf is biased in favor of the traditional “family movement.” Until the age of 10 to 11 years, youth sports actually start streaming, golf professionals for further training are also starting from this age group. Sheffield’s young people’s access golf is not difficult, regardless of membership-based golf course, or municipal court, will be introduced preferential policies for young people to promote junior golf development. Sheffield Golf Association through the event system will be “Star of Hope,” delivered to all levels of the game.

Low-cost youth golf

Young football players green fee of 1.5 pounds of public courses Graves Park

In Sheffield, youth golf environment and resources are relatively abundant, golf course green fees from a few pounds to many hundreds of pounds of selectivity. For example, young people only need to pay 1.5 pounds of green fees, you can pitch in Sheffield three public 9-hole play a little; in Sheffield on the municipal golf course, young people can buy a monthly pass of 10.5 pounds, or £ 109 annual votes SIV operated by four 18-hole golf course to play infinitely smooth, and you can enjoy the annual Sheffield Open, the year registration fee discount. If there is no processing packages, young people can also enjoy special discounts, summer Mon-Wed 5 pounds 18 holes Friday to Sunday to play an £ 8; in a large number of membership-based course, many young people’s father, grandfather even the great-grandfather were members of the stadium, so they will join the small club and enjoy the treatment of life-long member. Attaches great importance to the local golf course to attract young members, because it will allow members of the continuation of the traditional court system to ensure the normal operation of municipal golf course.

Youth Sports shunt golf professionals to further develop age

1993 Lee – Westwood England’s Golf Association to participate in Boys Home International match race. Turning professional the same year,

2007 Danny – Vylit behalf of the British Home International tournament play

Although young people’s access cost of golf is not high, but compared to the school to carry out universal football, cricket and rugby and other sports, golf is a fairly “family movement”, and some partial “middle class” taste. Young people, who began playing, most parents also can be traced back at least to play the family history. Of course, there are many from the municipal golf course to play up juveniles. More selective because of sports, most young people interested in primary school are in a training and development potential of the stage movement, until the 11-year-old to begin a real diversion. For example, Lee – Westwood 13-year-old contact with golf, played rugby before, was once the main school team in the European professional golf ball in the hands touch be relatively late. The ages of the players has become a culture in various clubs and local associations with the object of interest.

First of all, the club organized a contest on behalf of the club selection and play of young people, and a series of related measures to encourage young players. For example, in Sheffield Golf Association affiliated members of the East Custer Stadium, to allow young people (with handicap requirements) to join the team on behalf of the club to play adult games, learning exercises in the race. Second, the various clubs, youth with limited places recommended to the local Golf Association, the local competition at every level through the USGA has selected to represent the local strength of the “hopefuls” and provide free training for winter and summer (with professional skills, physical and Psychological coach) and high-level competition opportunities for the event. “Star of Hope,” which, if approved, will be selected for Yorkshire Youth team competing in the national youth events. If a better performance, will represent England’s Golf Association played in international competitions. Each association has a strict points ranking system, players will be transported to different levels of youth competition. For example, during adolescence Lee – Westwood (Worksop) and Danny – Vitelli (Ratherham) have played on behalf of Sheffield, USGA, and later represent England Golf Association to participate in the International Tournament Boys (Home Internationals is the establishment of in 1932, a tradition of amateur team event, from England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland parties 11 amateur players play). As McIlroy’s team-mate, Danny – Vylit also on behalf of the United Kingdom played Walker Cup in 2007.

Sheffield’s “Star of Hope”

Danny – Vylit in the 2007 Home International race performance

Sheffield players grow from generation to generation, has gradually become the backbone of golf in England. Lee – Westwood return to the throne of the European Order of Merit, the former amateur world champion (R & A World Amateur rankings points first, for 12 weeks) Danny – Vylit rookie year to enter the race in Dubai. Today, Sheffield, “Star of Hope” is rising, Scott – Campbell (Scott Campbell) at the 2009 World Amateur ranks sixth in points, while Matthew – Fitzpatrick (Matthew Fitzpatrick) has also been selected for England echelon of the country under the age of 16.

“Sheffield people have been supporting their ‘Star of Hope’. Race in Dubai the week, many local fans to fly to Dubai to go to Lee and Danny to help out. Even if some people do not play golf, will also be concerned about their performance through the television . “Niederman said the Secretary-General of Sheffield USGA. Like Sheffield people to support their League football, as players worried about their own growth has also become a part of local life.

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For the origins of golf, most people are a little known, but in promoting the game of golf step forward in the development of golf courses, you have much better?

Stadium Facilities

In general the standard 18-hole golf course covers an area of 60-100 hectares. As in recent years, golf and golf-related industries, the modern golf facilities and capabilities has been further improved and diversified. Thus, today’s golf course is no longer a place where golfers play, but also a good place for leisure. Some pro-golf course with the complete set has become a local holiday attractions and tourist spots of gold.

A basic golf course, what separated the different functional areas, a golf course is mainly divided into three main functional areas: club area, fairway and lawn management areas. Each region carry out their duties, but also complement each other.

Golf course clubhouse area is central and access management, players and other guests and the first platform, take the course of entertainment and social activities; golf course fairway area is the main part of the players to play the venues; turf management zone in the fairway zone “logistics.” Ball Road District is responsible for the daily management and maintenance machinery and materials storage, is also responsible for mechanical maintenance and repair, lawn and planting experiments, and other golf course fairway to keep the lawn few fairways quality management.

Stadium Design

Golf course design and other sports venues are different, focusing on flexibility and change, not strictly fixed size requirements, as long as the basic tie the score for each hole and the total length of fairways demands can be. In the design of golf courses, generally will choose to have a natural terrain area. Therefore, an important principle of the golf course is adapted to local conditions, relying on terrain clever planning and design, make full use of the original mountains, lakes, woodlands and other landscape features, combined with the formation of the natural landscape features. Also need to consider how to increase the golf course when the degree of difficulty in the competition, and minimize land-use area. This will not only save investment, but also easy to form their own characteristics. The pursuit of individuality Al Gore is the stadium designed for a feature, so there is no two exactly the same as the world’s golf courses.

Fairway area

In the design of fairway is divided into the following areas:

1 tee

The shape of the tee no special provisions in order to rectangular, square, oval-shaped as common. Also multi-purpose semi-circular, circular, S-shaped, L-shaped and so on. – As an area of 30-150 square meters, compared with around 0.3 -1.0 m, in order to facilitate drainage and increase the visibility of those shots, cut off the surface of short grass, demands a certain stiffness and lawn smooth surface. Tee is a small, but quickly ruled out the surface of stagnant water, while the level of degree tee, generally taken at 1% -2% of the micro-slope, so as not to affect the quality of players serve.

2, the ball path design

North-south direction is the direction of a more ideal fairways, fairways usually a length of 90-550 m; width ranging from 30-55 meters, with an average width of 41 meters. Is divided into three layers, the middle known as the fairway left and right again on the floor for the short grass area, another area of long grass.

3, Green Design

A. Green Al Gore is the key to the stadium area. Each green size, shape, contour and the surrounding bunkers have different characteristics in order to create a wealth of challenging and interesting. Green lawn requires a high degree of between 5.0-6.4 cm and getting even, smooth, white ball rolling speed can be uniform.

B. Greens drainage. The surface water on the greens should be 2 or 2 more than the direction of discharge. The topography of the greens should be designed so that surface water drainage line to avoid the flow direction. A green most of the gradient should not exceed 3%, to ensure that after hitting the ball rolling direction.

C. Practice green. Practice greens are for the players to learn golf practice driving range in a special hole-shot. Practice green is usually located in high-Le-Fu Club and a tee. Holes should be able to set up 9-18 months and their replacement location. Surface, there should be a green slope, similarly to 3% is appropriate. In order to ensure the quality of the putting green turf. A golf course should be set more than 2 or 2 rotating the use of better practice greens.

4, hazard

Hazard generally pits, pools, trees, whose purpose is to punish the athletes inaccurate hit the ball out from the hazard than the much more difficult to hit the ball in the fairway.

A. Bunker. Bunker general area of 140-380 m, and some sand up to about 2,400 ㎡. Now most of the 18-hole golf course with 40-80 bunkers, according to the needs and designers play design ideas to determine. Golf course bunker should be placed in line with the natural strategy to make people think the tee to play the correct position. Usually the location of a fairway bunker to determine the distance from the tee, depending on the location of bunkers but also according to the land drainage features, bunkers have a good ground and underground drainage. And underground drainage in the low-lying full, or in the bunker under the conditions of good water seepage area. Pit can be built flat on the lawn below. From the maintenance point of view. Green side bunker should be set at a distance of 3-3.7m green lawn areas in order to build machines and to prevent the passage of the sand bunker on the wind to the lawn. Green grass-roots level within the bunker sand thickness should be at least lOcm, bunker slope or raised sand layer thickness should be at least 5cm; thick sand fairway bunker some relatively shallow. Gore Stadium sand bunker requirements more stringent, more than 75% of the sand particle size should be between 0.25-0.5mm (medium-grained sand), sand with angular grains of sand for the selection of the best, the color of sand in order to white, brown or light gray for good, but it should avoid the sand color Taebaek, resulting in unclear ball watching.

B. Pool. The pool is not only an obstacle to hit the ball, but can also play the role of a good landscaping.

Pool can be designed within a single fairway, you can also share a few fairways pool. Sometimes the ball is located in Taiwan or the green island surrounded by water, increasing the difficulty and fun shots, rich fairways landscape. Edge of a pool suitable for landscaping, can be rack bridges located Ting step, large area and plenty of water, you can plan fountains or waterfalls.

5 marks

Golf Course using the use of trees, small wooden poles and road signs as a sign of the distance to the ball Ridge, which is to enable players to hit the ball high Lefu juice calculated to find the ball when the location of planting and with makeup, and often from the green 50,100,150,200 yards (1 yard = 0.9144 m)

Planting and setting position can be planted at 50,150 yards from a single tree, small trees and small bar, in the 100,200 yards, or small tree planted two trees, so easy to judge the ball fall into the batsman green distance.

So, when you are riding again next time when the football field, try to enjoy the golf course the human landscape, feeling the detailed arrangements for the club, those well-decorated club facilities, as appropriate, a thousand times the ball Road design, are intended for dedicated golfers services, and you need to do is with feelings of pleasure and enjoy the fun of swing and play outside.

United Kingdom Golf Course to retain the original appearance of rough

Guide language: Anglo-American golf development in the two places so far, the golf course design but also because of their cultural differences vary, the U.S. courts focus on aesthetics, emphasizing the artificial modification; British court while advocating nature, like to retain the original appearance of the rough.

Go to school remember the lesson of anthropology professor explained to us exercise could reflect the culture of different countries. For example, the Europeans advocate freedom, hated by the constraints, so the movement originated in Europe, such as football and golf do not have strict time limits, venue restrictions or boundaries are also more relaxed, just like English Premier League soccer in different cities field, length, width, there will be deviations, a golf course even needless. In addition, the European game’s ruling is also more relaxed, the two sides of players even if there is pushing, as long as the rhythm does not affect the event, referees will be pretending to not see; the game of golf did not even referee the side, everything depends on the player personal integrity.

In contrast, the movement originated in the United States, much more stringent standards in order to basketball and American football, for example, the event should be calculated for each sub-second accuracy, is also a tenth of a second key to victory. In addition, the venue has also painted over the line, such as basketball courts and three-point line and free-throw line or a football field every 5 yards a sub-yard line, do not allow the slightest deviation, referees should be golden eyes eyes close watch on the fire players, He started off the starting whistle sound. Is it reflects the American people to do things more seriously and commitment?

Anglo-American golf development in the two places so far, the golf course design but also because of their cultural differences vary, the U.S. courts focus on aesthetics, emphasizing the artificial modification; British court while advocating nature, like to retain the original appearance of the rough. Therefore, the annual British Open, the U.S. media have criticized from time to time the main cited the British Open venues, such as the total length is too short, mediocrity and a lack of change in the design, etc., has attracted a lot of arguments between the fans.

I remember an interview years ago in England golf courses, staying in a small town hotel, the guest from around the world, nine out of ten come to play golf, every time North Korea had breakfast, the topic invariably golf. Scots count on was born in the birthplace of golf, with a total despise the United States of course, whenever the visitors from the United States will run into casually said: “The golf world’s only Golf and American Golf (American Golf), two kinds of, you play in the United States You can only hit American Golf, to really experience the Golf, to come to Europe. ”

Among the four Grand Slam golf tournament around the world would be glorified into the British Open as “The Open Championship”, metaphorical for the world’s only golf Open. However, the U.S. media are diminutive British Open for the “British Open Championship”, the imposition of the English name “British (English)” the term, Europeans regarded as disrespectful to the fans two endless wars of words. Let As a table tennis power, like to see the ball to the ball to the opponent, fighting a life and death. Afford to ignore their own entertainment.